- Flood or furrow irrigation when water is pumped or otherwise carried to fields and allowed to flow over the ground.
- Drip irrigation when water is sent to crops through pipes that have holes in them. this method uses about 25 percent less water than flood irrigation since less is lost to evaporation.
- Spray irrigation in which water is pumped through pipes at high pressure through a nozzle. Because it requires electricity and wastes a significant amount of water. Spray irrigation is becoming less popular.
Although, irrigation is necessary it also causes problems. Irrigation uses a lot of water about 39% of the water in the U.S. goes towards irrigating crops and is a major expense for farmers. The excess water or runoff from irrigation contributes to pollution by carrying dissolved salt and pesticide residues into the local water supply. Fortunately, computers are becoming more frequently used to sense where water is needed. this technology eliminates waste learners costs and prevents damage to the environment.
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